The Evolution of U.S. Cemeteries

The term “cemetery” is a Greek term that means “sleeping place.” In the first years of the United States, most burial places were simply called “burial grounds.” When the term cemetery was first used, it reflected a change in attitude toward death as a more tranquil state.

The American cemetery movement first began in the 19th century, and was inspired by European innovations in cemetery design. These new cemeteries blended the romantic ideals in art with lush landscaping, creating a park-like atmosphere. The first “rural” or landscaped garden cemetery in the U.S. is considered to be Mount Auburn in Cambridge, Mass., which was established in 1831. More cemeteries of this type soon followed. Monuments – many times elaborate – were often used as part of the design.

Prior to the development of landscaped, garden cemeteries, burial grounds were generally affiliated with churches and located within the city. Rural cemeteries were created and intended as non-denominational parks designed for public use. Originally, these cemeteries were located on the outskirts of town. Many of these historic cemeteries are now designated landmarks and are cared for by non-profit organizations.

Today, newer cemeteries are more likely to be lawn cemeteries or memorial parks. Monuments are not the main emphasis of these cemeteries, and flat markers that allow for easy maintenance of the grounds are often used instead. Memorial parks are usually planned, designed and managed by full-time cemetery professionals.

No matter which type of cemetery is chosen for memorialization, it is a place for generations of families to reflect and remember.